Heatstroke Guide

Heatstroke — Heat Exhaustion

Recognizing and treating dangerous overheating before it becomes life-threatening.

Heatstroke is a Medical Emergency

Call 911/112 if body temperature is above 104°F (40°C), the person is confused, has stopped sweating, or is unconscious. Heatstroke can cause organ failure and death if untreated.

Step-by-Step Instructions

1

Move to a Cool Area

Get the person out of the sun and into shade, an air-conditioned building, or the coolest area available. Remove excess clothing.

2

Cool Them Rapidly

Apply cold water or ice packs to the neck, armpits, and groin. Fan them vigorously. Spray or sponge them with cool water. If available, immerse in a cold water bath.

3

Hydrate (if conscious)

Give cool water or sports drinks in small sips. Do not give large amounts at once. Avoid caffeine and alcohol.

4

Monitor Temperature

If you have a thermometer, check temperature every 5 minutes. Continue cooling until temperature drops below 101°F (38.3°C).

5

Watch for Worsening Signs

If the person becomes confused, stops sweating, has seizures, or loses consciousness — this is heatstroke. Call 911/112 immediately and continue aggressive cooling.

Do's and Don'ts

Do's

  • Move to shade and remove excess clothing
  • Apply cold water/ice to neck, armpits, and groin
  • Give small sips of cool water if conscious
  • Fan them continuously

Don'ts

  • Don't give large amounts of water at once
  • Don't give caffeine, alcohol, or very cold drinks
  • Don't leave the person alone
  • Don't put them back in the sun after cooling

Aftercare

Rest in a cool environment for at least 24–48 hours. Avoid strenuous activity and sun exposure for several days.
Stay well-hydrated and wear lightweight, light-colored clothing in hot weather. Acclimatize gradually to heat.
Those who've had heatstroke are more susceptible to future episodes. Take extra precautions in hot conditions.