Seizure Guide

Seizure — Epilepsy Response

How to safely support someone during a seizure and protect them from injury.

Call 911/112 if the Seizure Lasts More Than 5 Minutes

Most seizures end on their own within 1–3 minutes. Call emergency services if it lasts more than 5 minutes, the person doesn't regain consciousness, is injured, or has a seizure for the first time.

Step-by-Step Instructions

1

Stay Calm and Stay Nearby

Do not panic. Time the seizure from the moment it starts. Most seizures end on their own within a few minutes.

2

Clear the Area

Move sharp objects, furniture, or anything dangerous away from the person. If they are standing, gently guide them to the ground.

3

Protect Their Head

Place something soft (jacket, towel, pillow) under their head to prevent head injury. Do not hold them down or try to stop the movements.

4

Turn Them on Their Side

Once the convulsions stop, gently roll them onto their side (recovery position) to keep the airway clear and prevent choking.

5

Stay With Them After

The person may be confused, drowsy, or emotional after the seizure. Stay with them, speak calmly, and explain what happened when they are alert.

Do's and Don'ts

Do's

  • Time the seizure and note what happens
  • Cushion their head and clear the area
  • Turn them on their side after convulsions stop
  • Stay calm and reassure them when they wake

Don'ts

  • Don't hold them down or restrain their movements
  • Don't put anything in their mouth (they won't swallow their tongue)
  • Don't give food, water, or medication during the seizure
  • Don't try to move them unless they are in danger

Aftercare

If this is their first seizure, they should see a doctor for evaluation and possible testing (EEG, MRI).
People with epilepsy should take prescribed medication regularly and avoid known triggers.
Allow the person to rest after the seizure. They may need several hours to fully recover.