Stroke Guide

Stroke — F.A.S.T. Recognition

Recognizing stroke symptoms and acting fast can save lives and prevent brain damage.

Time is Brain — Every Minute Counts

Call 911/112 immediately if you suspect a stroke. Treatment within the first 3 hours can dramatically reduce long-term damage. Note the time symptoms first appeared.

F.A.S.T. Method

F

Face Drooping

Ask the person to smile. Does one side of the face droop or feel numb? An uneven smile is a warning sign.

A

Arm Weakness

Ask the person to raise both arms. Does one arm drift downward? Inability to raise one arm is a critical indicator.

S

Speech Difficulty

Ask the person to repeat a simple sentence. Is their speech slurred, garbled, or hard to understand?

T

Time to Call Emergency

If you observe ANY of these signs, call emergency services immediately. Note the exact time symptoms started — this is critical for treatment decisions.

While Waiting for Help

1

Keep them Comfortable

Help them lie down with their head slightly elevated. Loosen any tight clothing around the neck.

2

Monitor Breathing

Watch their breathing carefully. If they become unconscious and stop breathing, be prepared to begin CPR.

3

Do Not Give Anything by Mouth

Do not give food, water, or medication. Their swallowing reflex may be impaired.

Do's and Don'ts

Do's

  • Note the time when symptoms first appeared
  • Stay calm and reassure the person
  • Keep them in a comfortable position
  • Be prepared to perform CPR if needed

Don'ts

  • Don't give aspirin — the stroke may be hemorrhagic
  • Don't let the person go to sleep
  • Don't give food or water
  • Don't delay calling emergency services

Aftercare

Stroke recovery often involves physical therapy, speech therapy, and occupational therapy over weeks to months.
Follow up with a neurologist for long-term management and to prevent recurrence.